About Mud Volcanoes
Known for over a century for their scientific and landscape importance, In 1924, the mud volcanoes of the Big and Small Pillars were declared a natural monument. The mud volcanoes in Buzău county rank 2nd in Europe after those of the Apseron Peninsula, Baku (Azerbaijan, if we consider that European territory). Other such volcanoes can be found in Russia, Italy, Iraq, India, USA, Colombia. In Romania there are mud volcanoes in Transylvania, Oltenia and Muntenia. The term "mud volcano" refers to a small eruption of mud, accompanied by gaseous fumes and sometimes traces of oil. Mud volcanoes occur as a result of the release of gases, which in their downward movement towards the surface entrain water. The volcanoes in Buzău county are divided into mud volcanoes and mud boilers. The volcanoes have conical shapes and a small crater at the top. The boils are flat, round excavations. Some boiling, others boiling, with mud bubbling up. They can be active or extinct. There are four plateaus with such formations: Berca's Boils, Beciu's Boils, the Great and Small Pans. In the area of the volcanoes the terrain is arid. The only plant that has adapted to these conditions is the cockle weed. Outside the arid zone, dedike, rufescence, scrumpia, sask, wild lilac